Condition

Conditions in Java are used to make decisions in a program. They allow you to execute different code blocks based on whether a specified condition evaluates to true or false. Conditions are typically implemented using if statements, else statements, and else if statements.

if Statement:

The if statement is used to execute a block of code only if a specified condition is true. Here's the syntax:

if (condition) {
    // Code to be executed if the condition is true
}

if-else Statement:

The if-else statement allows you to specify two blocks of code: one to be executed if the condition is true, and another if the condition is false. Here's the syntax:

if (condition) {
    // Code to be executed if the condition is true
} else {
    // Code to be executed if the condition is false
}

else if Statement:

The else if statement allows you to specify multiple conditions. It is used in conjunction with if and else statements to test multiple conditions. Here's the syntax:

if (condition1) {
    // Code to be executed if condition1 is true
} else if (condition2) {
    // Code to be executed if condition2 is true
} else {
    // Code to be executed if neither condition1 nor condition2 is true
}

Example Code:

Here's an example demonstrating the use of if, else if, and else statements in Java:

public class ConditionExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int number = 10;

        if (number > 0) {
            System.out.println("The number is positive.");
        } else if (number < 0) {
            System.out.println("The number is negative.");
        } else {
            System.out.println("The number is zero.");
        }
    }
}

Explanation:

1. int number = 10;: Declares and initializes a variable number with the value 10.

2. if (number > 0) { ... }: Checks if number is greater than 0. If true, the code inside the block is executed, printing "The number is positive."

3. else if (number < 0) { ... }: If the first condition is false, this statement checks if number is less than 0. If true, it prints "The number is negative."

4. else { ... }: If both previous conditions are false, this block is executed, printing "The number is zero."

When you run this Java program, it will output:

The number is positive.

This output occurs because the value of number (10) is greater than 0, satisfying the first condition.